dilluns, 27 de maig del 2024

MOZART, Leopold (1719-1787) - Divertimento Militare (1760)

Bernardo Bellotto (1722-1780) - Reiterbildnis des königlichen Pagen Gintowt (1773)


Leopold Mozart (1719-1787) - Divertimento Militare | cioe | Sinfonia | à | 2 Violini | Viola obl: | 2 Cornui
2 Clarini | 2 Schweggl Pfeiffen | Tromel | et | Basso (1760)
Performers: Münchener Kammerorchester; Hans Stadlmair (1929-2019, conductor)

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German composer and pedagogue. The son of a bookbinder, he received his earliest education from the Jesuits at the St. Salvator Gymnasium and Lyceum. While at the latter, he distinguished himself as an actor and singer, although he also progressed as a violinist and organist. As a polymath with many varied interests in the sciences and philosophy, he enrolled at Salzburg University, earning a bachelor’s degree in 1738. Although he was expelled the following year for lack of attendance in the natural sciences, he attached himself to the court of Count Johann Baptist of Thurn-Valsassina und Taxis as a violinist and valet, publishing his first works, a set of six church trio sonatas, as his Op. 1. In 1743 he was appointed second violinist at the court of the Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg, Count Leopold Anton von Firmian, later serving under his successors, Sigismund von Schrattenbach and Heironymous Colloredo. In 1758 he was appointed as vice Kapellmeister, a position he retained for the remainder of his life. Although the main emphasis in studies of his life have focused on the training of his son, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791), during which he was absent from his post for long periods of time as he toured with his two children throughout Europe, his own reputation as a teacher and composer was significant. 

The most important treatise was his Versuch einer gründlichen Violinschule of 1756, a work that was translated into many languages during his lifetime and is still in print. Much information on his personality can be gleaned from biographical studies of his son, but it can be said that, although a disciplinarian, he had many interests beyond music; he was well read, and in later life he was a kind, generous individual, even though his relationship with his son can be seen as problematic. As a composer, Mozart was prolific and a worthy model for his son in the variety of works that he wrote. These include six university plays/oratorios; seven Masses; six litanies; numerous Psalms, Sequences, hymns, and such; 21 Lieder; 69 symphonies; four serenades; two divertimentos; six partitas; 12 concertos; much miscellaneous dance music; six trio sonatas; nine trios; three keyboard sonatas; and many smaller works. Mozart’s style is in the vein of Empfindsamkeit, although he has a descriptive flair in his music. For example, he frequently includes local everyday life in his musical portrayals of sleigh rides, hunts, peasant weddings, and so forth. His daughter, Maria Anna (or Nannerl), was the recipient of a pedagogical work, the Notenbuch, which contains practical small pieces (and a number of very early works by her brother). Mozart’s music has been cataloged according to LMV or Eisen numbers. 

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