Jean Xavier Lefèvre (1763-1829)
- Quatrième concerto pour clarinette
Dedié à Monsieur A. Bronice... Exécuté par l'auteur, au théâtre des arts... [en si b] (1797)
Performers: Eduаrd Brunnеr (1939-2017, clarinet); Munіch Chamber Orchestra; Reinhard Goebel (conductor)
Further info: Concertos pour Clarinette
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French clarinettist and composer of Swiss birth. He studied the clarinet with Michel Yost in Paris, joined the Gardes Françaises in 1778 and was a member of the Garde National from 1789 to 1795. Between 1783 and 1791 he performed at the Concert Spirituel; he also played in the Opéra orchestra from 1791 to 1817 and was principal clarinettist in the Imperial Chapel (later the Royal Chapel) from 1807 until 1829. In 1814 he was made Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur. Lefèvre taught at the Paris Conservatoire from its foundation (1795) until 1824. Many of his pupils became well-known performers and composers including César Jannsen, Claude-Gabriel Péchignier, Claude François Buteux and Bernhard Crusell. His thorough 'Méthode de clarinette' (1802) was used there for many years, and translated into German and Italian. He was the first to use the now standard range from e to c'''' and trill fingerings from e to e''', and played with the reed against the upper lip. His compositions include concertos, symphonies concertantes and chamber music, all of which use the clarinet prominently. Lefèvre noted in his method that he had the Parisian maker Jean-Jacques Baumann add a c '/g '' key to the standard five-keyed clarinet; this happened in about 1790, although the fingering chart in the method was intended for a five-key instrument. It was added to clarinets during the early 19th century by the use of a pillar attached to a metal base by Baumann, Simiot and other French makers. It is not known whether Lefèvre was related to the woodwind maker François Lefèvre (?-1856) or to Lefèvre of Nantes, a manufacturer of clarinet mouthpieces during the first half of the 19th century.
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